5-12-15

This is measurements of voltage through an AC circuit. You can see that the voltage measurements are out of phase. The red line is the mathematical interpretation of the current through a resistor. The voltage is running through an inductor. So the voltage is leading the current.

This example uses nodal analysis to calculate the voltage in the circuit. The voltage is being supplied as a cosine wave. As the voltage travels through the inductors and the capacitor, it becomes out of phase with the current. 

This example uses mesh analysis to calculate the phase shift between the voltage and the current. It is important to recognize that instead of measuring resistance, the impedance is always what is measured.

In the lab exercise, different components were attached to an AC power supply. This way the shift in the phase between the current and the voltage could be seen and its relationship to the circuit element could be established.

This is the theoretical calculations, and what is expected to happen through the circuit.

This is the experimental voltage and current graph, through the oscilloscope.